During the week of Aug. 7, presidential candidates Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump revealed their respective tax policies in major speeches to partisan audiences. While the presentations contained such jargon as marginal. Find low home loan mortgage interest rates from hundreds of mortgage companies! Includes mortgage loan payment calculator, refinance, mortgage rate, refinance news and calculator, and mortgage lender directory. Disclaimer: ActiveRain, Inc. These real estate profiles, blogs and blog entries are provided here as a courtesy to our. Companies; Chase ATMs will soon disappear from here Credit.com; The big McDonald’s problem MarketWatch; A gigafactory, California style? Tesla seeks to double size of US auto plant Forbes; EpiPen maker agrees to. Florida - Wikipedia. Floridai (Spanish for . Latest news, expert advice and information on money. Pensions, property and more. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and Cuba. Florida is the 2. Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area is the eighth- largest metropolitan area in the United States. Tallahassee is the state capital. A peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida, it has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately 1,3. Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south. It was a principal location of the Seminole Wars against the Native Americans, and racial segregation after the American Civil War. Today, Florida is distinctive for its large Cuban expatriate community and high population growth, as well as for its increasing environmental issues. The state's economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 1. Florida is also renown for amusement parks, orange crops, the Kennedy Space Center, and as a popular destination for retirees. Florida culture is a reflection of influences and multiple inheritance; Native American, European American, Hispanic and Latino, and African American heritages can be found in the architecture and cuisine. Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing and water sports. History. By the 1. Native American groups included the Apalachee (of the Florida Panhandle), the Timucua (of northern and central Florida), the Ais (of the central Atlantic coast), the Tocobaga (of the Tampa Bay area), the Calusa (of southwest Florida) and the Tequesta (of the southeastern coast). European arrival. Map of Florida, likely based on the expeditions of Hernando de Soto (1. St. Augustine is the oldest city in Florida, established in 1. The Spanish- Floridan color scheme of red and white is repeated throughout downtown. Florida was the first part of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans. The earliest known European explorers came with the Spanish conquistador. Juan Ponce de Le. He named the region La Florida (. He described seeing a thick wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 7. Very soon, 'many smokes' appeared 'along the whole coast', billowing against the sky, when the Native ancestors of the Seminole spotted the newcomers and spread the alarm by signal fires. The English attacked St. Augustine, burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Spain built the Castillo de San Marcos in 1. Fort Matanzas in 1. Florida's capital city from attacks, and to maintain its strategic position in the defense of the Captaincy General of Cuba and the Spanish West Indies. Florida attracted numerous Africans and African- Americans from adjacent British colonies who sought freedom from slavery. In 1. 73. 8, Governor Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St. Augustine, a fortified town for escaped slaves to whom Montiano granted citizenship and freedom in return for their service in the Florida militia, and which became the first free black settlement legally sanctioned in North America. It was part of a large expansion of British territory following their victory in the Seven Years' War. A large portion of the Spanish Floridano population left, taking along most of the remaining indigenous population to Cuba. The road crossed the St. Johns River at a narrow point, which the Seminole called Wacca Pilatka and the British named . In order to induce settlers to move to Florida, reports of its natural wealth were published in England. A large number of British settlers who were . There was also a group of settlers who came from the colony of Bermuda. This would be the first permanent English- speaking population in what is now Duval County, Baker County, St. Johns County and Nassau County. The British built good public roads and introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits as well the export of lumber. Furthermore, the British governors were directed to call general assemblies as soon as possible in order to make laws for the Floridas and in the meantime they were, with the advice of councils, to establish courts. This would be the first introduction of much of the English- derived legal system which Florida still has today including trial by jury, habeas corpus and county- based government. Florida would remain a Loyalist stronghold for the duration of the American Revolution. The region became a haven for escaped slaves and a base for Indian attacks against U. S. Though technically not allowed by the Spanish authorities, the Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers from the United States would continue to migrate into Florida unchecked. These migrants, mixing with the already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers. The British settlers who had remained also resented Spanish rule, leading to a rebellion in 1. Free and Independent Republic of West Florida on September 2. After meetings beginning in June, rebels overcame the Spanish garrison at Baton Rouge (now in Louisiana), and unfurled the flag of the new republic: a single white star on a blue field. This flag would later become known as the . These parts were incorporated into the newly formed Territory of Orleans. Spain continued to dispute the area, though the United States gradually increased the area it occupied. Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves. The United States Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory, including the 1. The United States now effectively controlled East Florida. Control was necessary according to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams because Florida had become . Madrid therefore decided to cede the territory to the United States through the Adams- On. Congress merged East Florida and part of West Florida into the Florida Territory. Congress passed the Indian Removal Act and as settlement increased, pressure grew on the United States government to remove the Indians from Florida. Seminoles harbored runaway blacks, known as the Black Seminoles, and clashes between whites and Indians grew with the influx of new settlers. In 1. 83. 2, the Treaty of Payne's Landing promised to the Seminoles lands west of the Mississippi River if they agreed to leave Florida. Many Seminole left at this time. Some Seminoles remained, and the U. S. Army arrived in Florida, leading to the Second Seminole War (1. Following the war, approximately 3,0. Seminole and 8. 00 Black Seminole were removed to Indian Territory. A few hundred Seminole remained in Florida in the Everglades. On March 3, 1. 84. Florida became the 2. United States of America. The Third Seminole War (1. By 1. 86. 0 Florida had only 1. There were fewer than 1,0. African Americans before the American Civil War. The largest engagements in the state were the Battle of Olustee, on February 2. Battle of Natural Bridge, on March 6, 1. Both were Confederate victories. After the Reconstruction period ended in 1. Democrats regained power in the state legislature. In 1. 88. 5 they created a new constitution, followed by statutes through 1. In 1. 90. 0 its population was only 5. African American, the same proportion as before the Civil War. They left due to lynchings and racial violence, and for better opportunities. Combined with its sudden elevation in profile was the Florida land boom of the 1. Devastating hurricanes in 1. Great Depression, brought that period to a halt. Florida's economy did not fully recover until the military buildup for World War II. The climate, tempered by the growing availability of air conditioning, and low cost of living made the state a haven. Migration from the Rust Belt and the Northeast sharply increased Florida's population after the war. In recent decades, more migrants have come for the jobs in a developing economy. With a population of more than 1. Florida is the most populous state in the Southeastern United States, and the fourth most populous in the United States. Geography. A topographic map of Florida. Spanning two time zones, it extends to the northwest into a panhandle, extending along the northern Gulf of Mexico. It is bordered on the north by the states of Georgia and Alabama, and on the west, at the end of the panhandle, by Alabama. It is the only state that borders both the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Florida is west of The Bahamas and 9. Cuba. Florida is one of the largest states east of the Mississippi River, and only Alaska and Michigan are larger in water area. The water boundary is 3 nautical miles (3. Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level. However, some places such as Clearwater have promontories that rise 5. Much of Central and North Florida, typically 2. The highest point in peninsular Florida (east and south of the Suwannee River), Sugarloaf Mountain, is a 3. Lake County. North of Lake Okeechobee, the prevalent climate is humid subtropical (K. Mean low temperatures for early to mid January range from the low 4. Fahrenheit (4. With an average daily temperature of 7. Several record cold maxima have been in the 3. These temperatures normally extend at most a few days at a time in the northern and central parts of Florida. Southern Florida, however, rarely encounters freezing temperatures. The coldest temperature was .
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